The oil they control isn't below the ground ... "The obvious substitutes for petroleum are plant oils and fats because they have the same base chemical structure as petroleum," he says. Ethanol is a ...

Oil output from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries fell ... of declining Russian and Iranian exports supports the structure," said Tamas Varga of oil broker PVM.

and engineering to discover a cost-effective way to explore and access petroleum. Most chemists in this field work for large oil companies or for independent companies that support the industry with ...